Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are two very different conditions, yet they are often misunderstood, confused with one another, and significantly under-supported.
PMS is extremely common, affecting up to 75% of people who have periods, including some individuals with hormonal IUDs who may not experience regular bleeding. PMDD, on the other hand, is far less common but much more severe, impacting approximately 3–8% of women.
Both conditions deserve to be taken seriously. If you do not feel like yourself for one to two weeks each month—regardless of how “mild” the symptoms may seem—it can have a profound impact on your relationships, work, confidence, and overall quality of life. Importantly, PMS and PMDD are not random or something you simply have to live with. They are signs of treatable imbalances in the body, and research shows they can be effectively managed using individualized, holistic approaches.
We are often asked about the causes of PMS and PMDD, and the reality is that they are almost always multifactorial. Below are some of the most common contributing factors.
Recognizing PMS and PMDD Symptoms
Identifying symptoms related to PMS and PMDD is crucial for effective treatment. These conditions can manifest in various ways, impacting emotional and physical health. Some signs could indicate the need for intervention and support.
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Premenstrual headaches
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General aches and pain
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Anxiety or panic attacks
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Bloating and digestive changes, including constipation or diarrhea
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Poor sleep or insomnia, fatigue
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Decreased motivation, focus, or interest during the second half of the cycle
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Low mood, anxiety, irritability, or mood swings
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Food cravings and changes in appetite
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Poor sleep or insomnia, fatigue
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Breast tenderness or spotting
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Irritability, mood swings, or anger lasting many days to weeks
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Physical symptoms similar to PMS, but often more severe
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Acne and other skin changes, including rashes
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Sadness, hopelessness, or thoughts of suicide
